Chapter 1 – Methodology

In today’s knowledge-driven world, data has emerged as a powerful tool for understanding complex phenomena and informing evidence-based decision-making. By employing rigorous research methodologies, researchers can unlock the potential of data to address critical questions and drive meaningful change.

A comprehensive understanding of research methods, particularly qualitative research, is essential for navigating the diverse landscape of research possibilities. This knowledge equips researchers to select appropriate data collection techniques, such as surveys, interviews, observations, focus groups, and secondary data analysis, to gather relevant and reliable information. Moreover, it enables researchers to contextualise their findings within broader social, cultural, and historical frameworks, providing deeper insights and richer interpretations.

Through the careful application of these methods, researchers can generate valuable insights that contribute to the advancement of knowledge, inform policy decisions, and improve practices in various fields.

Having a broad and deep understanding of research methods, particularly in qualitative research, allows us as researchers to be equipped and responsive to the various possibilities within different fields of study. This awareness helps us identify the appropriate research methods for data collection and understand how to analyse the data we obtain later on (Bajec, 2020).  Furthermore, it enables us to contextualise our findings, interpreting them within the broader social, cultural, institutional and historical context of the research.

Data collection methods are techniques and procedures for gathering information for research purposes. They can range from simple self-reported surveys to more complex quantitative or qualitative experiments. Some common data collection methods include surveys, interviews, observations, focus groups, experiments, and secondary data analysis. The data collected through these methods can then be analysed to support or refute research hypotheses and draw conclusions about the study’s matter (Shrutika, 2023).

(Stolle, 2022)

Qualitative research methods are important for gaining a deep understanding of complex phenomena, processes, and interactions within the social sciences. These methods enable us to immerse ourselves in the context of the phenomenon being studied, allowing us to gather rich, detailed data about the experiences, perspectives, and motivations of individuals. By using qualitative methods, we can see the world through the eyes of others, leading to a more profound comprehension of intricate issues. The qualitative methods employed in the evaluation aimed to provide in-depth insights into the opinions, experiences, and perspectives of the individuals and groups involved.

Quantitative research methods are a comprehensive set of techniques that enable the collection and analysis of numerical data. They aim to discover patterns, trends, and statistically significant associations between different variables. Using quantitative methods, researchers can test hypotheses, measure phenomena, and generalise results to a wider population.

Mixed methods approach combines qualitative and quantitative techniques to provide a comprehensive understanding of inclusivity within VET institutions. By integrating these methods, participants can obtain a nuanced view of institutional strengths and challenges.

(Stolle, 2022)